Narrative Theories

There are three types of narrative theories:

Propp's Character Theory, Todorov's equilibrium theory and Levi's binary opposite theory

Propp's character theory means that stories are character driven and plots develop from the characters actions and how they function in the story. Propp claimed that character can be classified into certain roles that include: Hero, Villain, Donor and Princess

The 2018 film Spider-Man: Into The Spider-Verse uses this Propp theory to classify the characters
The hero: Myles Morales
The Villain: King Pin
The Donor: Peter B. Parker
The helper: Gwen Stacey and the spider people     
The father: Jefferson Davis (Myles' father)
The dispatcher: Peter Parker
and the False Hero: Uncle Aaron

Another of the narrative theories is the equilibrium theory by Todorov.
The equilibrium theory shows the five stages in which a story can progress
1. A state of equilibrium
2. A disruption of normality by an event
3. Recognition that the disruption occurred
4. an attempt to repair the damage of the disruption
5. Equilibrium is restored or a new state of equilibrium has arrived

Spider-man into the spider-verse also follows Todorov's Equilibrium theory
1. Everything in New York is normal, Myles is starting a new school
2. Myles gains spider powers and also witnesses a portal open new dimensions into Brooklyn
3. Peter Parker's death caused by the portal is recognised and Myles meets the other Spider-people
4. Myles and the spider-people attempt to close the portal to restore equilibrium
5. The attempt is successful with reality resuming now with Myles as Spider-Man

The last theory is Levi Strauss' Binary Opposition theory
Binary Opposites theory entails that the majority of narratives in media forms such as books and film contain opposing main characters. These binary opposites help to thicken the plot and further the narrative as well introducing contrast such as good vs evil, right vs wrong and man vs women are some examples 

In into the Spider-verse the idea of good vs evil is portrayed as Peter Parker, Myles Morales and the other spider-people have to fight against King Pin, Dr Octopus and the prowler to stop them from using a machine to open portals to different dimensions